网络交换机(或以太网交换机)是用于通过电缆网络分发数据的通信设备。它通常以具有多个以太网或光纤端口的盒子的形式。即使它们看起来非常相似,它也不应该与枢纽混淆。工业网络交换机are designed to be used in extreme environments.
选择正确的硬盘驱动器

网络交换机(或以太网交换机)是用于通过电缆网络分发数据的通信设备。它通常以具有多个以太网或光纤端口的盒子的形式。即使它们看起来非常相似,它也不应该与枢纽混淆。工业网络交换机are designed to be used in extreme environments.
你可以选择一个unmanaged switch如果你的网络不是很复杂而且您可以将所有端口打开,而无需隔离其中任何一个。如果您只需要连接一些设备彼此并将其连接到互联网这些网络交换机可能是一个不错的选择低购买价格。这种类型的网络交换机通常是即插即用,即,您只需将其连接以使其运行。
如果您不知道您的网络如何进化,您也可以选择一个托管网络交换机并留下默认配置。此配置可能很有趣,因为它消除了如果在稍后演变的情况下,它会消除重建网络的需要,因为受管网络交换机允许您根据您的需求远程管理和修改网络。这种类型的网络交换机很好managing a complex network, but it requires the skills of a network engineer to monitor port security, access control lists (ACLs) and bandwidth allocation. Some network switches are equipped with an API (Application Programming Interface), which makes it possible to do IaC (infrastructure as code).
如果您想保留对网络的控制,但它仍然相对简单,您也可以选择一个智能开关这通过在线界面部分管理。这些网络交换机是一个good compromise between an unmanaged switch and a managed switch。根据您选择的型号,您可以访问适用于管理VoIP手机的服务质量(QoS)或虚拟网络(VLAN)等选项,或者希望能够将网络部分隔离其他提高网络安全性和性能。
一种po(以太网电源)网络交换机允许通过RJ45以太网电缆电源的连接设备,例如IP摄像机或VoIP电话。通过这种类型的网络交换机,简化了接线,您无需拨打电工即可为设备设置电源。此外,如果网络交换机连接到逆变器,则不必担心断电。
If you choose this type of network switch, you must know the power consumption of each of the devices so that the network switch offers enough electrical power, called the PoE budget, at least equal to the sum of the power consumed by all the devices.
You will also need to consider the cooling requirements of the network switch to avoid service interruptions due to excessive heating.
网络交换机和设备之间的距离也很重要:两个设备之间的最大距离为100米。PoE交换机受到两个标准,可确保不同品牌之间的设备兼容性:
Main points:
以太网网络使用可能不同的传输速度,具体取决于要求:
网络为10 Mbps(megabits per second) are generally used for email and intranet networks. The equipment is wired on RJ45 sockets.
网络of 100 Mbps(称为快速以太网)专为小型文件传输而设计(每个文件最多150 MB)。该设备在RJ45插座上有线。
网络1000 Mbps(Gigabit Ethernet) are used for large files such as video files (more than 150 MB per file). The equipment is wired on RJ45 sockets.
网络为10 GB / s(10.GBASE-T) are the current standard for the installation of new corporate networks.
For very large data transfers or long distances between different devices, you might want to look into光纤转移技术(100GB / S:100gbase-SR4,100 m,或100g或100gbase-lr4,高达40公里)。设备通过SFP模块接线。
For industrial networks, there are alsofieldbusessuch as PROFIBUS, PROFINET, CAN or ControlNet that allow the data transfer between sensors, actuators and PLCs.
根据应用程序的网络示例:
The number of ports available on your network switch is essential because it determines the number of devices that can be connected to it. A network switch can accommodate from 2 to 64 ports. In order to choose the switch that best suits your requirements, you will need to determine how many devices you are going to connect and whether this number is likely to change in the short to medium term.
Some network switches are equipped with a stack plug that allows switches to be connected to each other, thus increasing the number of available ports.
Network switches are integrated in casings designed to be installed either in electrical cabinets or in standard bays:
In order to choose the right network switch, you must take into account the evolution of network management and the increasing number of connectable and connected devices:
您还可以在市场上找到第3层网络交换机,以充当具有更大端口的路由器。